Divorce or Annulment Essay -- Social Issues, Custody of the Children

In the failure of marriage, most couples nowadays prefer to rich person a divorce or annulment. For them, separation is a lot easier than forcing a relationship to work. However, the consequences of divorce appear to have greater impacts on children and not just on the couple. The custody of the children is ordinarily brought into court settlements to determine which party, whether the mothers or the fathers, qualifies for custody. In this regard, lawyers require help from mental wellness experts who would make evaluations of two parties. Mental health experts also can counseling that would help the indivi triples to cope with the condition that they be experiencing. This way, the psychologist would have dual tasks a forensic evaluator and a therapeutic counselor. This dual task would be the center of this discussion.In 1997, Greenberg and Shuman wrote an article that shows the irreconcilable conflict between dual roles of mental health experts in court proceedings. Several inc identors have enabled mental health experts to appear as forensic expert witnesses. However, these two roles are not compatible due to several differences between these and confidentiality and anonymity are compromised.Definitions must first be provided to differentiate between the roles. The therapist refers to a clinician or mental health expert who provides psychotherapy to the client. His primary responsibility is to dainty his patient. A fact witness, meanwhile, refers to the person testifying based on direct observations. He does not offer expert opinions. In short, a therapist who serves as fact witness is someone who testifies based on the observations carried out during therapy. His conclusions are thus drawn from his observations (Strasburger, Gutheil, &... ...ings as therapist and forensic expert. This is due to the premise that assuming the roles of both a therapist and a forensic expert may lead to the possibility that the expert is more concerned about the conclusion of the case than the faithfulness and accuracy of his testimony. Furthermore, there are many differences between the roles of the therapist and the expert. Some of these differences include attitudes of each expert, goals, and roles of therapist-patient and forensic-expert-patient relationships. These differences lead to the incompatibility of dual roles. Furthermore, confidentiality and anonymity are compromised when therapists provide testimony in court proceedings. While some researchers believe that the dual roles can be compatible, the points discussed in this paper are adequate enough to terminate that therapeutic and forensic roles are incompatible.

Facebook Activity Should NOT Play a Role in Employment Essay -- Social

As if employment isnt already a topic of importance regardless of private reason, most issues concerning it, hit close to home. Employment is influenced by many things. Some of the major influences are expected equivalent drug testing and background checks. These lead little to no amount of controversy, pending personal issues. Other things are not so anticipated, come acrossly what content is on particular social media websites like Facebook. This exact scenario played out in my life much to my dismay. After I applied, interviewed and accepted a position in the education field, I standard a phone call from the employer who informed me that they would no longer offer me the position due to an undisclosed reason. Subsequently, I began an investigation into the reason I illogical the opportunity of employment with the school district, only to discover astonishing exploits, the culmination of which resulted in my misfortune. These exploits had originated from a personal conflict b etween an individual that was my friend on Facebook prior to the dispute. Though I can honestly admit that this altercation got vicious, I never believed it would go as far as it had. This individual took my name and pictures and attached them to messages that I had allegedly sent to her. These messages contained highly inappropriate and threatening material. Then she proceeded to send them to the administration subdivision. One person in the Human Resources department came to the decision that even though he didnt know me, my qualifications, or even if the allegations were true, my personal life and Facebook page disqualified me from employment. Incontestably, I felt this infringed on my constitutional rights, confidentiality, as well as my personal life.Most Ame... ... with job performance, and work time. Without this distinction a mental and physical toll is paid and it comes at a high cost to the motivated. Employment simply should not be based upon a personal social networkin g website, it is unconstitutional, breaks social expectations of confidentiality, as well as imposes upon personal lives and motivations. Unless contractually bound to obey particular guidelines concerning social media, it should play no role in obtaining or termination of employment. Considering that there was no proof of legitimacy and it did not happen on work property or time, undeniably my claim of hideous encroachment on these Rights and socially accepted standards is correct. This rattling travesty, lead to the children at that particular school district to potentially have to settle for a person that is less qualified than I for their education.

Rating Shakespeares Othello :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Rating Othello Is this Shakespearean tragedy Othello at the top of the rating chart, or is it just near the top? This essay intends to examine various aspects of this subject, along with critical opinion. The Bards presentation of emotions, character, of good and evil actions that are down-to-earth these are sometimes seen as the main reasons for the high ranking of Othello. Louis B. Wright and Virginia A. LaMar in The Engaging Qualities of Othello maintain that the popularity of this play has been consistent for about 400 years and they tell why Shakespeares tragedy Othello has enjoyed popularity on the stage from the authors time to our own. It has remained a living drama over the centuries because it treats emotions that are universal and persistent in human nature. Its characters do non exist on a plane far removed from ordinary life we are not asked to witness the conflict of kings and conspirators beyond the experience of everyday people we are not involved in the conseq uences of disasters on a cosmic scale what we witness is a struggle between good and evil, the demonstration of love, tenderness, jealousy, and hate in equipment casualty that are humanly plausible. (126) The realistic aspect of the play presents a full range of characters, a full range of emotions, a full range of motivations, a full range of actions just as are present in real society. The down-to-earth consideration is very important to Othellos enduring popularity. Francis Ferguson in Two Worldviews Echo Each Other ranks the play Othello quite high among the Bards tragedies Othello, written in 1604, is one of the masterpieces of Shakespeares tragic period. In splendor of language, and in the sheer power of the story, it belongs with the greatest. But some of its admirers find it too savage. . . .(131) The play is so quotable consider Desdemonas opening lines in the beginning the Council of Venice My noble father, / I do perceive here a divided duty, or Othellos last words Killing myself, to die upon a kiss. Could the go on reputation of Othello be attributed to the quotable ultimate form in which the Bard of Avon expressed his ideas? Robert B. Heilman says in The Role We Give Shakespeare If we use the word support, however, we do describe a way in which Shakespeare serves.

Analyzing the Characters of Waterland :: Waterland Essays

Analyzing the Characters of Waterland In Waterland Swift weaves a magical yet haunting tale of commonplace characters who live through theyre own struggles and problems unadorned by the mingledity of world history yet forever revolving around the isolated and mysterious Fenns. His characters argon a formidable mix of the stereotyped and the unordinary as he shows us how even the about common person can lead the strangest and most multifactorial life and display a vast range of opposed emotions and thoughts. Waterland is a profound study of human nature that not only displays the intricacies of people plainly also analyses the men and woman that live among us and for which each of us can find a name. Thus we all know an Ernest Atkinson, a materialistic born into wealth who finds a meaning in life in the texts of Marx which push him to oppose the life that has been imposed on him thus angering his town and family. Ernest is the most interesting character in that he shows how gen iuses and men with unorthodox ideas are often called rebels and segregated from the rest of society in their uniqueness and intensity. Mary in Waterland leads a disturbingly bizarre life that ends with her kidnapping a baby the transformation of her personality following the abortion and her increasing mental instability shows the fragility of the human mind. Her character as that of Ernest is astoundingly realistic and thus one of the most effective characters in the novel. One of the most compelling characteristics of Swifts writing is his mysterious characters, he only describes people at the most important and relevant part of their lives and the rest is left to the readers imagination. He also surprises the reader by withholding alert information about a character for a couple chapters than suddenly revealing it thus changing the readers perspective completely. This permits him to build up formidably complex minds in very short periods of time as he only describes what is str iking and always brings new-fangled dimensions to old characters thus he shows what Mary was similar when she was a little Madonna and abruptly changes our whole perspective of her when we learn of her adventures thus shedding the first layer of mystery and giving the reader something new to reflect on. Swift also for some of the characters gives us information at the very the beginning of Waterland and it takes the whole novel for us to learn how that person died (in the encase of Dick) or became insane (in the case of Mary).

Free Essays - Themes and Voices in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein :: Frankenstein essays

Themes and Voices in Frankenstein       There are many different narrative voices that take channelize in the novel Frankenstein. These narrative voices not only help the reader appeal to different characters, but they develop characters personality as well.   The monsters character evolves in many ways throughout the novel, depending on the point of view its coming from. When the monster himself speaks (first person) the reader tends to feel sympathy as well as pity, towards him. He is loving and gentle at the beginning of his life, childlike in his curiosity and experiences, but after several harsh encounters with humans, he becomes bitter. Thus seeking revenge on his creator for making him so hideous and rendering him permanently lonely because of his ugliness. He doesnt come across nearly as horrific as he is believed to be in the eyes of Frankenstein. All the monster wanted was to love and to be loved in return and instead he was the dependable ou tcast of society. The monster shows a unique ability to analyze humanity because, though hes not a human himself, he has the intelligence of one. He explains, I heard about the slothful Asiatics of the stupendous genius and mental activity of the Grecians of the wars and wonderful virtue of the early Romans--of their subsequent degenerating--of the decline of that mighty empire of chivalry, Christianity, and kings. This outline of culture in a nutshell shows the monsters ability to put humanity in perspective. Yet this education only furthers the monsters realization that he is disconnected from the humans he admires.   The readers take on the monster however changes dramatic ally when Victor is the narrator. Frankensteins creation becomes a wretched and terrible villain of the story when it is told through him (third person). For example Victors hatred and hatred for the monster is evident right from the first time he sees him, as he says A flash of lightning il luminated the object and discovered its framing plainly to me its gigantic stature, and the deformity of its aspect, more hideous than belongs to humanity, instantly informed me that it was the wretch, the filthy demon to whom I had given life. When the story is told through Victor it is all about what the monster is doing to him and how heartless the creature is.

Free Essays - Themes and Voices in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein :: Frankenstein essays

Themes and Voices in Frankenstein       There are many different narrative voices that take place in the novel Frankenstein. These narrative voices not only assistance the reader appeal to different characters, but they develop characters personality as well.   The colossuss character evolves in many ways throughout the novel, depending on the point of locating its coming from. When the monster himself speaks (first person) the reader tends to feel sympathy as well as pity, towards him. He is loving and gentle at the beginning of his life, childlike in his curiosity and experiences, but after several harsh encounters with humans, he becomes bitter. Thus seeking revenge on his creator for making him so hideous and adaptation him permanently lonely because of his ugliness. He doesnt come across nearly as horrific as he is believed to be in the eyes of Frankenstein. All the monster wanted was to love and to be loved in return and instead he was the true outcast of society. The monster shows a unique ability to break serviceman because, though hes not a human himself, he has the intelligence of one. He explains, I heard about the slothful Asiatics of the stupendous genius and noetic activity of the Grecians of the wars and wonderful virtue of the early Romans--of their subsequent degenerating--of the decline of that mighty empire of chivalry, Christianity, and kings. This synopsis of culture in a nutshell shows the monsters ability to put humanity in perspective. Yet this education only furthers the monsters realization that he is disconnected from the humans he admires.   The readers take on the monster however changes dramatically when succeeder is the narrator. Frankensteins creation becomes a wretched and terrible villain of the story when it is told through him (third person). For example Victors disgust and hatred for the monster is evident right from the first season he sees him, as he says A flash of l ightning illuminated the object and discovered its shape plainly to me its gigantic stature, and the deformity of its aspect, more hideous than belongs to humanity, without delay informed me that it was the wretch, the filthy demon to whom I had given life. When the story is told through Victor it is all about what the monster is doing to him and how heartless the creature is.

Quinte Magnetic resonance imaging Essay

Brenton-Cooper Medical Centre (BCMC) has outsourced its MRI operations to Quinte MRI, a flavor and highly recognized MRI service provider. Unfortunately, after six weeks of operations Quinte MRIs hired MRI machine is not meeting its anticipate outputs as projected and is causing concern to both Quinte MRI and BCMC which has begun to lose revenue via referrals away from its clinic. Further, BCMCs reputation is now at risk which could get out in additional loses to the centre. The root cause of the enigma appears to lie with the plan of the scan operations.Dr. Syed Haider, the owner of Quinte MRI, has tasked his business development coordinators with finding a solution to this problem and to report back within 2-days.Acting as David Wright and Kevin Saskiw, the business development coordinators, my solution to these issues argon to regain control of the scheduling wait on as this is an constitutional part of the operations. Streamline the scheduling physical process to reduce v ariability and improve reliability. Introduce the use of technology to remove manual processes, improve process efficiencies, understate errors and improve communication across the business lines of operation. I would also hire a new employee to fight down the see operations as there is no backup or adequately apt support for the only Technologist running the operations.Issues IdentificationBrenton-Cooper Medical Centre (BCMC) has outsourced its MRI operations to Quinte MRI, a season and highly recognized MRI service provider. Unfortunately, after six weeks of operations Quinte MRI has not lived up to expectations and is not fulfilling its contractual obligations.Quinte MRIs leased MRI machine is not meeting its expected outputs as projected and is causing concern to both Quinte MRI and BCMC which has begun to lose revenue via referrals away from its clinic. Further, BCMCs reputation is now at risk which could result in additional loses to the centre.Quinte MRI is well aware of this as it stands to lose in both areas as well. If the firm cannot meets its contractual obligations and have its leased machine produce its expected output the loss of revenue would surely spell business failure and a subsequent loss of reputation. As well, the firm would probably be sued for breach of contract.On another level Quinte MRI has also identified potential issues with a stressed out, overworked employee whom is critical to the success of their business. Potentially, this employee could actually be one of the reasons of the problem that the firm is experiencing. He has identified issues surrounding the scheduling of patients for scanning and has indicated that the process inevitably to be fixed as it is not working. He further went on to indicate that the expectations from the radiologist for speedy delivery cannot be met due to the time it takes for him to process the patients MRI films.Environmental and Root Cause AnalysisIn my purview there are several operational issues causing problems in the MRI scanning process. First, I believe that there is a problem with the scheduling of patients in that it lacks accuracy, consistency and clarity. Since this operation is being handled by BCMC, Quinte MRI is finding itself at a disadvantage in terms of being able to control this part of the operation. The operation appears to be purely manual, handled by several persons and is prone to input and interpretative errors. Since patients can be sent for scanning via two means (scheduled and same day(unscheduled)) some amount of variability will result. It is therefore imperative that the scheduling play be properly controlled and managed to reduce variability to minimum possible levels. Variability and uncertainty in the scheduling operation is negatively impacting capacity utilization resulting in an overall reduction of efficiency in the scanning process.Quinte MRI must balance the flow and increase capacity for greater efficiencies and to remain compe titive. The bottleneck of the scanning process is the MRI machine and the time it takes to do each scan. Each scan may have different times associated with it depending on the type to be performed, limiting the capacity of the overall process. Each step in the scanning process is dependent upon the previous one therefore improvements need to start at the beginning. The objective here is to improve the process flow up to the point that the actual scan will take place.I also believe that patients are not being properly screened prior to arrival which is causing Quinte MRI losses in revenue and time. If a patient turns up and has to be off away, or rescheduled for misdiagnosis there is a resulting disruption in the flow of patients which will impact the schedule and process and ultimately the pocket and reputation of the company. Further, it appears that the technologist is industrious in performing pre-screening services and this is a highly paid employee who should not be pre-screen ing patients. This tasked could best be left to a lower paid trained staff.From an operational perspective it appears that the initial implementation process of the new machine had a learning curve. This resulted in longer lead times for processing patients during the foremost few weeks until Jeff had found a rhythm. It appears that Jeff was either not properly trained or did not have sufficient experience in the use of that lesson machine.Communication, and barriers to, seems to be a fundamental problem in the whole scanning process. People and processes are not talking to each other in an efficacious and effective manner. The patients are unsure of the process and what is expected of them resulting in missed dates, tardiness, improper attire, rescheduling, lost revenue, lack of confidence, etc. Responsibilities appear not to be clearly defined, or assigned, leading to inefficiencies in the process. As well, expectations of persons are not clearly defined and communicated ahead of time leading to missed schedules, frustrations and delays.Alternative and OptionsIn my opinion Quinte MRI could request the transfer of the responsibilities of the scheduling process over to their firm. This could benefit the firm in that they would now have ultimate control of the scheduling process from start to finish. As it is the firm has to rely on BCMC to manage this function and this is causing many issues.I believe that an MR Technician could be hired to perform the scheduling tasks and also provide support to Jeff Sinclair. Quinte MRI is already paying for these services but not receiving value. Revenue loss from turn-aways alone (1.2 p/day) could adequately sweep the costs of hiring someone to provide these services.Additional benefit would be backup support for Jeff during vacation or other away days. Training would be provided on the job to support Jeff and add additional new skills to the technician. Screening could be done well ahead of time before the patient ar rives because someone with the companionship and expertise is handling this.Quinte MRI could invest some capital in technology to support the scheduling and communication functions. The technology would be able to support scheduling combinations for more efficient processing of patients in the scanning process. Many persons (from BCMC and Quinte MRI) could have visibility into the system with relevant authority to administer or nark changes. This technology would be able to eliminate some amount of confusion and errors based on interpretation as is currently happening. Savings from a calm flowing process with no disruptions would easily cover upfront costs as well as any operating costs.

Major Managerial Skills Needed by Every Supervisor Essay

1.Identify the major managerial skills needed by every executive program. Why are these important? The major managerial skills are technical, human relations, administrative, abstract, leadership, political and emotional intelligence skills. The Managerial skills which are required by managers cultivateing at different levels of management. The top-level managers require more conceptual skills and less technical skills. The lower-level managers require more technical skills and fewer conceptual skills. Human relations skills are required equ all(prenominal)y by all triple levels of management.Technical SkillsA technical skill is the skill to perform the given job. Technical skills help the managers to use different machines and tools. It also helps them to use various procedures and techniques. The subordinate managers require more technical skills. This is because they are in charge of the actual operations.Human relations SkillsHuman relations skills are also called Interpers onal skills. It is an ability to work with people. It helps the managers to understand, communicate and work with others. It also helps the managers to lead, motivate and develop team spirit. Human relations skills are required by all managers at all levels of management. This is so, since all managers have to interact and work with people.Administrative SkillsAdministrative skills are required at the top-level management. The top-level managers should know how to make plans and policies. They should also know how to get the work done. They should be adequate to(p) to co-ordinate different activities of the geological formation. They should also be able to have the full formation.Conceptual SkillsConceptual skill is the ability to visualize the organization as a whole. It includes Analytical, Creative and Initiative skills. It helps the manager to identify the causes of the problems and not the symptoms. It helps him or her to solve the problems for the benefit of the entire org anization. It helps the manager to fix goals for the whole organization and to plan for every situation.Leadership SkillsThe development of a leadership style that emphasizes col driveation, trust, and empathy engages followers in all aspects of the organizational and helps followers to better themselves.Political skillsthe excavate to ascertain the hidden rules of the organizational game and to recognize the roles various people play in getting things done outside and to formal organizational channels. unrestrained intelligence skillsThe intelligent use of your emotions to help guide your behavior and thinking in ways that enhance your results. You can maximize your emotional intelligence by developing good communication skills, interpersonal relationship, and mentoring relationships.2. Summarize the difficulties supervisors fountain in fulfilling managerial roles. The supervisory posture is difficult and demanding role. Supervisors are people in the optic that between higher-l evel managers and employees. In illustrate many of the challenges a supervisors faces, effective supervisors must be adaptable and be able to maintain their perspective in the face or rapidly changing conditions. The supervisors must also be a competent subordinate to higher-level managers. In this role, the supervisors must to be a good follower.The position of any supervisors has two main requirements. Fist the supervisors must have a good working knowledge of the jobs to be performed. Second, and more significant, the supervisors must be able to manage the department. It is the supervisors managerial competence that usually determines the effectiveness of his or her performance.3. Explain the difference between management and leadership.The manager does things right the leader does the right thing. The manager relies on control the leader inspires trust. The manager focuses on systems and structures the leader focuses on people. The manager administers the leader innovates.The ma nager asks how and when the leader asks what and why. The manager accepts the view quo the leader challenges it.4. What are the obstacles that the supervisor may encounter when trying to gain cooperation by coordinating the departments various activities? Developing and maintaining the problem control processReviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of the problem control process Producing management information Allocating resources for the support effort Monitoring the effectiveness of error control and qualification recommendations for improving it Developing and maintaining problem and error control systems Reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of proactive Problem Management activities. 5. Discuss why the supervisor should not cause to ignore or circumvent the labor agreement, even if it seems like the right thing to do. As members of management, supervisors have the right and duty to make decisions. A labor agreement does not take away that right.However it does give t he heart and soul a right to challenge a supervisors decision that the union believes to be a violation of the labor agreement. For example, virtually all labor agreements specify that management has the right to discipline and discharge for just (or proper) cause. The supervisor who follows just cause Standard for disciplinary action requiring tests of fairness and elements of normal due process, such as proper notification, investigation, sufficient evidence, and a penalty equal with the nature of the infraction.

King Lear Imagery

The manifestly lovely and honest infants, Generic and Reagan, and Starr son, Edmund, are In creation evil, uncaring, deceitful beings, and clothing that symbolizes who a person Is, Is simply only an Illusion. earliest on in the play, Learns two daughters, Generic and Reagan, appear to be very caring and are loving towards him, but with animal Imagery, their neat nature is shown. When Lear tells his common chord daughter to profess their love to him (when he is dividing the kingdom) Generic and Reagan speak give-and-takes of love and affection such as Sir, I love you more than word can wield the matter, Beyond what can be valued, rich or rare, , when In naive realism, they do not possess the feelings they claim they fall in. Their appearance is that they are sincere, loyal and charming but the reality is the opposite. The two sister lie to their father to get what they want. They say what they know he wants to hear. It is only after Generic tries to reap Lear to get rid o f his men when he finally starts to realism how uncaring they are. Lear even calls Generic a Detested kite , and that Is in fact what she is. Her and her sister lied and faked emotion to benefit them, fed off Lear as a vulture would to Its prey.Further Into the play, Lear completely realizes his daughters true evil nature, How sharper than a serpents tooth it is to have a thankless child. , again referring to them as unpleasant, vile animals. They took advantage of their father who was blinded by his ego to see the reality of who his daughters were. He mistook Generic and Reagan as the loving daughters, and Cornelia as the unloving one. Just because Cornelia did not play Learns love game, she was seen as the uncaring child. The reality of the daughters nature was swapped.These uses of animal Imagery help show what the woo, seemingly loving and affectionate sisters are actually Like. Deceitful, and cruel. Another way that the play shows false appearance is with clothing resourcefu lness. If a person wears extravagant, well-made clothing he is thought to be high society and is well respected. On the contrary, someone who wears ragged clothing is seen as useless, unimportant, and of low society. Lear was seen as powerful and respected, he was In fact the King, and wore luxurious robes and a fancy crown. In reality, he was not an intelligent man who was as powerful as he perceived himself to be.His condemnation gave him that appearance, the illusion of power. When he had nothing, no kingdom, power, authority, or shelter, he still had the clothing, but he realizes that it now means nothing, Through tattered clothes great vices do appear Robes and furred gowns hide all. Plate sin with gold, . In this quote Lear Is saying that poor pile may appear to have weaker characters, but people Like him have this clothing clothing portray certain expected qualities of the wearer. Edgar, the son of Gloucester, knew of these societal perceptions and used them to his advantag e.His Starr brother, Edmund, forges a letter of him plotting to kill his father. When his father learns of his bare plan, he seeks to kill Edgar. To keep from being found and killed Edgar disguises himself as a Bedlam beggar, Brought near to beast. My face Ill grime with filth, Blanket my loins, elf all my haircloth in knots, And with presented nakedness outface/ The winds and persecutions of the sky. Since he drastically altered his appearance, and removed his clothes that represented who he is, no one will recognize and be able to kill him. This imagery shows Just how important and influential the clothing they wear are.Society associates specific appearances to specific people. If you have the look, you are what the look signifies. An illusion of magnificence or unimportance can be made depending on what clothes are draped. This imagery again explores the theme of appearance verses reality and shows the reader what reality is underneath the appearance. As well as the previou s types of imagery enhanced the central theme, eye imagery is perhaps the most prominent. Eyes are what literally see what happens. It would be presumed that one could see the reality when it is happening before their eyes, but n King Lear this was not the case.As mentioned before, Generic and Reagan were also reality anguish children who deceived their father. Eye imagery is used to help covey the message that Lear is finally seeing the reality of his daughters when he says, Pierce every sense thee / Old adoring eyes J Between this cause again, Ill pluck ye out. And cast you with the waters that you loose/ To temper clay. Yea, isnt come to this? Ha Let it be so, I have another daughter/ Who I am sure is kind and comfortable. He now has the idea that Generic and Reagan are the daughters that do not care for him, ND that it is, in fact, Cornelia that truly loves him.Edmund appears to all as a fine young gentleman who is loyal and brave. In reality, Edmund is a cunning, devious, o pportunist who will stop at nothing to please himself. Gloucester and many others are tricked by Edmunds appearance. What Gloucester does not see or refuse to see, is the hatred Edmund has for him because of his cavalier treatment of him. Edmund wants all control of Gloucester capital and power. He fools both Edgar and Gloucester, destroying both of them, and turns them against each other. Only when Gloucester loses his physical sight does he see the reality of his two sons, O my folliesThen Edgar was abused. Kind gods liberate me that, and prosper him . He is told that Edmund was the one who ratted him out and that Edgar, all along, wasnt plotting to kill him. What appeared to him was Edmund was the honorable one and Edgar was the one turning against him, when in reality, it was the other way around. This type of imagery shows that what is seen is not always what it appears to be. These characters acted in a manner that made them appear to be who they are not, and even with sight , the reality was not seen immediately.To conclude, Shakespeare effectively used imagery in King Lear to help emphasis his theme of appearance verses reality, and how things are not always what they appear to be. The use of animal imagery to portray the true nature of the two and eye imagery of how things that can be physically seen, are not always what they appear to be, all further prove that reality can be completely different from the appearance. At first glance or impression, something can seem totally different than its reality. Sometimes in read to see the truth, it takes more than Just seeing and believing what is right before your eyes.

Nonverbal Communication Essay

Nonverbal Communication is all important(predicate) as what people tell. alone much of nonverbal communication In different cultures is beyond our awareness. Lack of such Knowledge may arise misunderstanding and Conflicts. Every day, we respond to thousands on nonverbal cues and behaviors including postures, Facial expression, eye gaze, gestures, and tone of voice. From our handshakes to our hairstyles, Nonverbal details reveal who we are and impact how we relate to other people. Nonverbal communication is more important in understanding human behavior than words. Facial expression is responsible for a huge portion of nonverbal communication .Consider how much instruction can be conveyed with a smile or a frown. While nonverbal communication and behavior can Vary between cultures, in my smirch of birth Freetown, Sierra Leone facial expression is a big deal But Here in the United States is not. Which I think its ok. For example, gesticulate the hand vertically with the Palm faci ng outward means Goodbye in the United States, but can be misinterpreted as meaning place here to someone from a Mendes tribe in Sierra Leone eubstance, posture, and movement can also convey a great deal on information.Body diction has grown Significantly since. But popular media has focus on the over interpretation of defensive postures, Arm crossing, and leg crossing. Some people will say crossing your arms, means you are not welcoming Them and for some is just a posture. Most of the time when I watch an interview, the host and the customer crossing their legs. Our choice of color clothing, hairstyles and other factors affecting Appearance are also considered a means of nonverbal Communication. Appearances can also Alter physiologic reactions, Judgment and interpretations.Just think of all the subtle Judgments you quickly make about someone based on his or her appearance. I had my Grandmother say this a thousand times that the way people see you, tells them who you are For non verbal communication to be effective, one has to avoid stress, be aware of their emotions as Well as those of others and must pay attention in order to receive an accurate and consistent message That is free of any abusive language In order to correctly interpret another cultures style of communication, it is necessary to study The Silent language of one culture.

A comparison and contrast Between the works of whitman and hawthorne

Nathaniel Hawthorne and Walt Whitman were both well-known story-authors of their own time. Their enthusiasm in presenting the details of their stories in a more realistic only humorous approach substantiate made it possible for them to understand the ways by which designateers really opt to receive their copies of the stories that they ought to read.The reason why the works of both authors attracted the attention of the researcher of this topic is the fact that the said revolutionary-writers in the American literature relieve oneself so much to do with how the ways of writing of the American writers straight off have radically changed through the years (Babbit 17).The constant referral of both authors with their characters as the main life of their stories have particularly made their works arouse as they try every element in their stories to refer back to the characterization of the persons referred to in their writings.Through the research that has been commenced earlier, th e authors were thus referred to as the primary keys to the development of the entry of the American literature up to the present era. There are times when the writings of the said authors were referred to as something out of the extra ordinary during their own times, however, be extra ordinary on their part has been an effective way of implicating change in the ways by which the thoughts of the American authors are presented to the public in writing.From the conventional serious plot of writing, the prose and poetry of the American literature has been changed into a more radical and liberated presentation that mostly deals with the things and issues that are afflicting the human social club at the present era (Irving 32). Reading then became more interesting and entertaining to many audiences of the American literature. Aside from which, the presentation of the informations became more effective and casual that the writings tend to affect all sorts of readers both young and old alike. (Lauter 65)Particularly focusing on the work of Nathaniel Hawthorne on Rapaccinis Daughter, it could be observed that the writer and so encourages the use of metaphoric description of the details of the situation being presented through the stories made.This particular new approach in presenting stories that simply stating what is obvious, it could be noted that the writers today have already considered this particular process of presenting details in a much accepted manner, whereas even the deepest thoughts of the writers which are not considered normal or unobjectionable by the present society have the chance of being shared to readers through the metaphoric presentations as per presented by Hawthorne himself in his first works.Although the said informations have already been gathered, a more in-depth reasoning as to how they actually affected change within the premise of American literature is still encouraged to be given close attention to. Further studies on the matte r shall help the readers understand why the authors mentioned above sorely needs recognition as they were indeed able to revolutionize the ways by which literature is presented to the society.Come to think of it, if it were not for the historical writers like Whitman and Hawthorne, the ways by which the American authors presented their ideas may not have been liberated at all making reading a much-lesser appreciated source of information considering the fact that technology today gives way to larger and winged ways of spreading information through the Internet in the form of blogs and media presentations. Without the existence of the said authors, American reading materials may not have been as widely accepted in the society as they are today.To be able to come up with the primary informations needed to prove the claims presented in this study, particularly that of the works of Hawthorne and the impact that they have been making in the literary presentations of the American writin g group, an online library Questia shall be accessed by the author as well as local libraries shall also be consulted.Several commentaries from librarians shall also be incorporated within the study to be able to create a more actual scene of the presentation of the facts that shall be handled within the said paper. The constant attention given to how both authors affected the Modern American Literature shall be continuously utilize as the basis of the presentation of the informations in this study.Through integrating the results from all possible sources, the author expects the work to be more effective and practical for the public to read and learn from. Not many among the American population would consider this study as an important factor of social advancement. However, considering the fact that literature is an indication of the advanced societys development, this study shall be proven worthy on the basis of its effectiveness in affecting the lives of the people in the human society at present.

Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence Essay

Many years ago it was quite common to label someone with a high IQ as a genius or as being more intelligent than former(a)s. Albert Einstein is one of those men who were labeled as a genius because of all that he had accomplished at such a young age. Undeniably, Einsteins smarts were extremely remarkable, solely records show that he was not the best student. Although Einstein scored extremely well in areas like Math and Physics, it has been noted that in areas like linguistics, he did not excel (Albert Einstein, 2005). Does this make Einstein, any less of a genius? According to Howard Gardners possible action of multiple cognizances, a persons intelligence information isnt necessarily measured in standardized testing or school grades. Gardner identifies that separately persons learning drift is diametrical, so the intelligence could excel in any of the eighter from Decatur styles Linguistic, Musical, Logical, Naturalistic, Visual, Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal ( Kowalski & Westen, 2011). This means that someone like Ludwig van van Beethoven who may not have been as scholarly as Albert Einstein, can still be considered a genius due to his musical intelligence.The eight different intelligences described by Gardner are what he believed to be the eight strengths in which a person can learn. Gardner believed that because e veryone can learn in one of these eight different styles, then they could excel in any of the respective fields. A person who possesses a linguistic intelligence is described as someone who uses delivery and communication effectively. A person with linguistic intelligence would have excellent auditory skills, and translates everything into words or speech. On the other hand, someone who possesses the learning style of spatial intelligence would be close to snug with graphics, physical imagery, and visuals (Campbell, 1992). However, someone with a preference to the kinesthetic style of learning would be most comfortable with being hands on.They learn by doing, touching, and anything that involves physical activity, therefore their intelligence might look more like acting out, or role playing. other learning style of multiple intelligences described by Gardner is naturalistic. Someone who possesses a naturalistic style of learning is more in tune with their surroundings, and focus a lot with what nature is giving them. The naturalistic intelligence was not added to the multiple intelligences until much later. Gardners opening was introduced to naturalistic in response to the nature versus advert debate, in which a person learns from their surroundings, or environment in which they are in (Sulaiman, Hassan, & Yi, 2011). One of the bigger learning styles in Gardners theory is that of intrapersonal and interpersonal. Intrapersonal is that in which a person learns from themselves. Someone who keeps to themselves and does not get genially involved (Campbell, 1992). On the complete different spectrum, is the interpersonal learning style.Like a social butterfly, interpersonal refers to someone who works well with others, enjoys working in teams, center of attention, and just like they seek attention of others, others seek their attention as well. I personally identify with the interpersonal school of learning the best out of all of the intelligences in Gardners theory. I broadly work well when rangeed to(p) by others. I am a team player, and team leader. Others usually seek to me for advice, and I tend to deliver my best results, when working with others. This is the intelligence that is mostly credited with the slang term of street smarts (Sulaiman, Hassan, & Yi, 2011). Having played sports for a big part of my life, I tend to fill my thoughts as a team. I carry the team and make sure to understand everyone on the team. I always think of others prototypical, and having that one on one interaction is most important to me. passim my charge, I have found myself to be in leadersh ip roles quite frequently, because many others who are not strengthen by the interpersonal intelligence note as if I can lead better due to the emphasis I put on team work, and my adequate level of communication with the sinless team. In the work place I have found this quite helpful, and it has helped me become very successful.The two other intelligences outlined in Gardners theory are that of musical and logical, or mathematical. Musical intelligence is referred to a person when they can relate everything to a rhythm, or sequence. Someone who possesses musical intelligence is besides aware of the sounds and music space in their surroundings. Someone with musical intelligence would be aware of dichotic listening, and understand the importance of noise (Kowalski & Westen, 2011). Music is a very big part of my life, what I do, and how I do it. I can remember growing up and not being able to go to catch some Zs until music was playing in the background. I find myself being almost allergic to quite. I tend to do my best work when either I have music playing in the background, or if the TV is on. While in school, I usually found myself while studying, to be singing. I tend to associate rhyme and rhythm to a lot of the new things that I learn. According to Gardner, someone who possesses a musical intelligence is sensitive to sound, and could hear music, or find the rhythm to anything, even before the words are spoken (Campbell, 1992). The last intelligence in Gardners theory is logical intelligence, or most commonly known as mathematical intelligence (Sulaiman, Hassan, & Yi, 2011).Someone who occupies the logical intelligence are said to think abstractly. They mostly need to learn and take a shit concepts before they can deal with details. They calculate results, enjoy working the mind in the way that really uses the prefrontal vortex more than any other intelligence. Someone with logical opinion is believed to be someone who takes their time to analyze all p ossible circumstances, and work the problem for an answer. This type of person likes puzzles and word games to pretend the brain. I identify myself as being a logical thinker due to the fact that one of my strengths is to be analytical. Albert Einstein was believed to belong in this intelligence field, due to his work in mathematics and physics. I find my intelligence to not be at the level of Einstein by any means, but I do relate to his earlier work being proficient in the math field over the linguistic (Albert Einstein, 2005). Since English is not my first language, growing up in the United States, going to school was very difficult for me, but numbers became my safe haven.Having learned numbers at a very young age (according to my teachers, I knew how to add and subtract by the time I was 3) I find myself most attracted to professions in which analytical thinking is required. Having worked as a District Investigator, it was required of me to look at paperwork and identify the f raud, or identify the theft by finding the patterns, or the number sequence. A big part of my job was to analyze transactions, and compare them to video images. Things are always better explained to me if broken down into patterns. Although Gardner divided the intelligences into eight separate categories, his theory believed that a person does not just dominate one intelligence, but rather takes a bit from all of the intelligences collectively.Just like it could be intelligibly identified that Albert Einstein that dominated the logical intelligence, his work shows that he might have possessed the intrapersonal intelligence as well as the spatial intelligence (Campbell, 1992). Gardner believed that the intelligence of someone could not necessarily be measured, by testing, but mainly by teachings, and learning styles. I feel as if I most identify with musical intelligence, logical intelligence, and interpersonal intelligence. My career thus far would suggest that these fields have br ought me much success, but in my recent career change from Criminal Justice to Psychology, I will most likely learn to domain in the linguistic and spatial intelligence.

Dorian Grey’s Reaction to the Change in the Painting Essay

The Picture of Dorian Grey by Oscar Wilde, Dorian has a intelligent reaction each time he views the transmute in the picture, and he reacts with a self-pitying, vain attitude. Vanity haunts Dorian, and he cares only about how this deepen in the painting will affect himself and his outer mantrap only. At first, Dorian worries about how his lotment of Sibyl sword will affect the painting. He cares not about the cruel acts he committed, but rather dwells on how it will taint or tarnish the beauty of his enactment. (A sense of infinite pity, not for himself, but for the painted image of himself, came over him.It had warped already, and would alter more. Its gold would wither into grey. Its red and white roses would die. For e precise sin that he committed, a stain would fleck and wreck its fairness. But he would not sin. Chapter 7) The change Dorian views on his painting does not make him regret his cruel treatment of Sibyl, or pity the girl. On the contrary, he pities the pai nted portrait of himself. His self-assertion consumes him, and he be bes obsessed with the notion that the painting will soon lose its beauty if he would continue to commit sins.He then decides to change his ways, and no longer sin. He vows to return to Sibyl and rekindle their love. However, he vows to do so in self-consciousness, rather than to become a better man. His unwillingness to watch the beautiful portrait succumb to degradation is the only reason behind his decision to return to Sibyl, which he considers the honorable action to dart. He is scared that the painting and his soul would be destroyed if he does not do so, and therefore, in a vain effort to save their beauty, promises to make amends.However, upon waking up the next dayspring and viewing the painting, he becomes very worried that his actions had indeed been cruel. He reacts to this realization by writing a letter to Sibyl. (Fin exclusivelyy, he went over to the table and wrote a manic disorderate letter t o the girl he had loved, imploring her forgiveness and accusing himself of madness There is a luxury in self-reproach. When we blame ourselves, we feel that no one else has a in effect(p) to blame us. It is the confession, not the priest, that gives us absolution. When Dorian had finished the letter, he felt that he had been forgiven. Chapter 8) Dorian writes this letter not to take account might for his actions, but rather to comfort himself. He is not necessarily doing this for the sake of comforting Sibyl, but rather for the sake of comforting himself. He believes all blame for his cruelty has been lifted from his shoulders by committing an act of self reproach, and confessing his cruelty. He believes he is forgiven for his actions, by writing a mere letter. He did so in concern of himself, not Sibyl. He then claims (I am perfectly happy now I want to be good.I cant bear the idea of my soul being hideous Chapter 8) He feels completely satisfied and happy upon writing the lette r after viewing the change in the painting, despite not knowing whether or not he is forgiven for his actions he thinks only of himself. He then claims he has noble, good-hearted intentions after writing the letter, as he is too vain to bear any part of him being deemed ugly. He writes the letter to assure himself his soul is not tainted. However, upon receiving news of Sibyls suicide, and speaking with Lord atomic number 1, his reaction to the change in the painting alters, and he no longer views the change in a bad light. If the picture was to alter, it was to alter. That was all. Why ask too closely into it?What did it matter what happened to the correspondingnessed image on the canvas? He would be safe. That was everything. Chapter 8) Lord Henry convinces Dorian that Sibyls suicide was a remarkable feat he wishes he could himself have accomplished. Dorian falls captive to his words, and deems the events a marvelous experience, and wishes an experience as marvelous should come again. Henry assures him such an event will come, for as long as Dorians beauty is retained.Thus, the change in Dorians simulacrum occurs, as he realizes his beauty will be retained, for as long as the portrait will change. He disregards his past reactions to the change of worry for the portraits beauty, or regret for his cruelty against Sibyl, and his vanity consumes him he believes he is safe, for as long as his outer beauty is maintained. The change in the painting was proof that he will remain young and beautiful while the painting loses its youth and beauty, and this now pleases him.Dorian has many different reactions to the change in the painting, however, all display his newly obtained vain and selfish attitude his reaction is a demonstration of his corruption at the hands of Lord Henry, and the fall of his character. In the novel, The Picture of Dorian Grey by Oscar Wilde, Dorian feels an onslaught of emotions during Sibyl Vanes implementation, all of which result in a loss of passion for Sibyl Vane and a profound change in his character. When watching an awkward performance, typical viewers would not have such a reaction but plainly think themselves un-entertained.However, Dorian is not a typical viewer but Sibyls fiancee, and very much in love with her artistic ability as well the unconvincing performance leads to an onrush of feelings for Dorian. This star struck lovers initial response to Sibyls performance is confusion. (The voice was exquisite, but from the taper of view of tone it was absolutely false. It was wrong in colour. It took away all the life from the verse. It made the passion unreal. He was puzzled and anxious. Chapter 7) Dorian has a passion for art and luxury overall, the beauty of objects. The central reason he falls in love with Sibyl is her ability to perform on stage.He was captured by her ability to immerse herself in a role, regardless of the play. Therefore, he has an inability to process the change in her acting, and it is hard for him to believe that such a talented actress could break down him by performing so badly. After the disappointing first act, he still waits to see the second, as if he still expects her to make a comeback. He is consumed by Sibyls ability to immerse herself into a role and is unable to come to the realization of her poor performance. Dorians secondary reaction to the performance is disappointment.His disappointment leads him to lose all and any love or passion he once had for her a passion which he boasted about. ( My God, Harry, how I worship her agitated spots of red burned on his cheeks. He was terribly excited. Chapter 4) Dorians outwardly display of his love showed the passion he once had for the woman and her talent. His cheeks once burned with passion and excitement for Sibyl Vane. This plays as a contrast to his reaction when watching the play. (Dorian grew pale as he watched herThey were horribly disappointed. Chapter 7) This misadventure changes the tone and surfaces Dorians dying love.While once his cheeks burned a bright red with his love, they have now lost all colour and have gone pale. He once spoke very highly of Sibyl to both Basil and Lord Henry, and her mediocre performance also undermined his past statements he continuously boasted about how Sibyls ability to perform despite Henrys doubts, and she failed to live up to his past remarks. These two reactions lead to a profound change in Dorians character. Dorians realization that his love was not for Sibyl Vane, but rather for her acting and artistic talent, reveals his romantic vanity and his valuation of artistic beauty above all else.After the show, Dorian goes to Sibyl, not with the intent to woo her like his previous visits but rather to treat her as beneath him as opposed to a beloved equal, due to her failure. (She rose from her knees, and with a piteous expression of pain in her face, came crosswise the room to him. She put her hand upon his arm and looked in to his eyes. He thrust her back. Dont touch me he cried. Chapter 7) He is heavily influenced by the opinions of Lord Henry when he uses cruel words to power his cold attitude towards Sibyl as he breaks all ties he once had with her.His words are not like those of a man speaking to his past love but rather of an impatient man speaking to a less than efficient servant. He acts very cruel towards Sibyl, and believes he has a right to do so due to Sibyls performance. He believes that she has completely failed him, and this grants him a superiority over the woman this is a perception he gained from Lord Henrys infiltration of his mind. Dorian does not see the fault in his behavior and believes he has a right and reason to treat Sibyl as below him, without a single thought given to Sibyls perspective on the situation.Dorians insensitive and unfeeling dismissal of Sibyl is a clear demonstration of the growing corruption of his character. Dorians reaction to Sibyls bland performance show s his character developing into a colder, crueler individual. He raves on about his love for her and her talent to an end, but as soon as her talent is gone, his love fades just as swiftly. The plethora of emotions that reduce Dorian and ultimately lead to his rejection of Sibyl Vane after just one displeasing performance is evidence of the change in his morals, and therefore, the fall in his character.

How To Stop Violence In Schools Essay

We all know on that point is fury in schools. Like in the past a couple of years there has been m whatsoever shootings in school and I wonder how we could stop that. We could have a police officer on campus at all times. We could also have a group of students be a crime watch team. only the most important is to have kids be in a non-violent environment at home.If schools would have a police officer there, it would stop most delirium because he knows all of the laws. When anything suspicious happened, he could investigate the situation. If he found firmnessing in violence, he could give the person punishment, so the situation doesnt result in violence.Schools with crime watch teams would probably have a lower violence rate because there would be more people trying to stop violence. The school could have some of the students that get costly grades and have them look for violence in schools.The most important way to avoid violence in schools isnt even something at school. The stu dents need to have a non-violent environment at home. They need parents that fork out positive attitudes because everyone learns from their environment and if its good there more likely to do good things. If its seriously theyll probably do bad and violent things.Well now you know some ways violence could be stopped in schools. So spread the information because we dont want any innocent students getting hurt or even dying.

Judicial Law-Making Essay

The independence of the judiciary was ensured by the act of settlement 1700, which transferred the exponent to sack judge from the crown to the parliament. Consequently, judges should theoretically raise their conclusions based purely on the analytic deductions of precedent, uninfluenced by political or career considerations. The eighteenth century legal commentator, William Blackstone, introduced the asserting(prenominal) surmise of law, stating that judges do not make up law, barely merely, by the rules of precedence, discover and declare the law that has invariably been the judge existence sworn to determine, not according to his private sentiments ot according to his own private judgement, notwithstanding according to the cognize laws and customs of the land not delegated to pronounce a new law, but to nurse an expound the old one.Blackstone does not accept that precedent does not even offer a choice between two or much interpretations of the law where a bad decisio n is do, he states, the new one that reverses or overrules it is not a new law, nor a statement that the old decision was bad law, but a declaration that the previous decision was not law, in separate words that it was the wrong answer.His view presupposes that at that place is always one right answer, to be withholdd from the objective make of precedence. Today, however, this position is considered close towhat unrealistic. If the operation of precedent is the precise science Blackstone suggested, a large majority of reasons in the higher courts would never come to court at all. The lawyers concern could only when consider up the relevant case law and predict what the decision would be, then(prenominal) advise whichever of the clients would be springiness to lose not to bother bringing or fighting the case.In a civil case, or whatsoever appeal case, no good lawyer would advise a client to bring or defend the case that they had no chance of winning. Therefore, where such (prenominal) a case is contested, it can be anticipate that, unless one of the lawyers has made a mistake, it could go either way, and nevertheless be in accordance with the law. In practice, thus, judges decisions may not be as neutral as Blackstones declaratory guess suggests they keep to make choices which are by no means spelled out by precedent.Yet, instead than openly stating that they are choosing between two or more equally relevant precedents, the courts find ways to turn away awkward ones, which give them the impression that the precedents they do choose to follow are the only ones they could possibly apply. Ronald Dworkin argues that judges incur no real discretion in making case law. He sees law as a seamless web of principles, which supply a right answer and only one to every possible problem.Dworkin reasons that although stated legal rules may run out (in the sensory faculty of not being in a flash applicable to a new case) legal principles never do, and co nsequently judges never need to use up their own discretion. In his book, laws empire 1986, professor Dworkin claims that judges first look at previous cases, and from those deduce which principles could be said to apply to the case for them. They then consult their own sense of justice as to which apply, and also consider what the communities view of justice dictates.Where the judges view and that of the community coincide, there is no problem, but if they conflict, the judges then ask themselves whether or not it would be fair to impose their own sense of justice over that of the community. Dworkin calls this the interpretive approach and, although it may appear to involve a series of choices, he considers that the legal principles underlying the decisions mean that in the end, only one result could possibly surface from any one case.Dworkins approach has been heavily criticised as being unrealistic opponents believe that judges do not consider principles of justice but take a mu ch more pragmatic approach, looking for at the facts of the case, not the principles. Critical legal theorists, like as David Kairys (1998) take a quite opposite view. They argue that judges have considerable freedom within the doctrine of precedent. Kairys suggests that there is no such thing as legal reasoning in the sense of a logical, neutral method of ascertain rules and results from what has gone before.He states that judicial decisions are actually based on a complex garland of affectionate, political, institutional, experiential, and personal factors, and are simply legitimated, or justified, by fiber to previous cases. The law provides a blanket(a) and conflicting variety of such justifications from which courts pick and choose. The process is not necessarily as misanthropical as it sounds. Kairys points out that he is not saying that judges actually make the decision and then consider which precedents they can pick to justify it rather their own eliefs and prejudic es naturally lead them to give more weight to precedents which support both views.Nevertheless, for critical legal theorists, all such decisions can be seen as reflecting social and political judgements, rather than objective, purely logical deductions. Critical theory argues that the neutral appearance of so called legal reasoning disguises the true nature of legal decisions which, by the choices made, uphold existing power transaction within society, tending to favour, for example, employers over employees, property owners over those without, men over women, and naughty, developed countries over poor, undeveloped ones.Griffith (1997) argues that judges make their decisions based on what they see as the populace use up, but that their view of this pertain is coloured by their background and their position in society. He points out that judges view of domain interest assumes that the interests of all the members of society are roughly the same, ignoring the fact that within s ociety, different groups, employers and employees, men and women, rich and poor may have interests which are diametrically opposite. What appears to be acting in public interest will usually mean in the interest of one group over another, and therefore cannot be seen as neutral.Waldron, in his book The Law (1989), agrees that judges do make law, and that they are influenced in those instances of law-making by political and ideological considerations, but argues that this is not necessarily a bad thing. He contends that while it would be wrong for judges to be biased towards one side in a case, or to make decisions based on political factors in the hope of promotion, it is unrealistic to expect a judge to be a political neuter emasculated of all values and principled commitments.Although judges have traditionally seen themselves as declaring or finding rather than creating law, and frequently state that making law is the prerogative of the parliament, there are several areas in whi ch they clearly do make law. In the first place, historically, a striking deal of English law is and always has been case law, made by judicial decisions. Contract and tort law are still largely judge made, and many of the most important developments for example, the development of heedlessness as a tort have had profound effects.Even though statutes have later been passed in these subjects, and occasionally parliament has attempted to embody whole areas of leafy vegetable law in statutory form, these still embody the original principles created by the judges. Secondly, the application of law, whether case law or statute, to a particular case is not usually an automatic matter. Terminology may be vague or ambiguous, new developments and social life have to be accommodated, and the procedure requires interpretation as well as application.As we have suggested, judicial precedent does not always make a particular decision obvious and prerequisite there may be conflicting precede nts, their implications may be unclear, and there are ways of acquire round a precedent that may otherwise produce an undesirable decision. If it is accepted that Blackstones declaratory theory does not apply in practice, then clearly the judges do make law, rather than ex theatre of operationsing the law that is already there. The theories advanced by Kairys, Griffith, and Waldron, all accept that judges do have discretion, and therefore they do to some extent make law.Where precedents do not spell out what should be make in a case before them, judges nevertheless have to make a decision. They cannot simply say that the law is not clear and refer it back to parliament, even though in some cases they point out that the decision before them would be more appropriately tryd by those who have been elected to make decisions on changes in the law. This was the case in Airedale NHS Trust v Bland (1993), where the home of Lords considered the fate of Tony Bland, the football supporter left in a coma, after the Hillsborough stadium disaster.The court had to decide whether it was lawful to stop supplying the drugs and artificial feeding that were keeping Bland alive, even though it was known that doing so would mean his death soon afterwards. Several law lords made it plain that they felt that cases face lifting wholly new moral and social issues should be obdurate by the Parliament, the judges role being to apply the principles which society, through the democratic process, adopts, not to impose their standards on society. Nevertheless, the courts had no option but to make the decision one way or another, and they decided that the action was lawful in the circumstances, because it was in the tolerants best interests. Thirdly, our judges have been left to define their own role, and the role of the courts generally in the political system, more or less as they please. They have, for example, given themselves the power to review decisions of any public body, even when parliament has said those decisions are not to be reviewed.In addition, despite their frequent pronouncements that it is not for them to interfere in parliaments law making role, the judges have made it plain that they will not, unless forced by very explicit wording, interpret statutes as encroaching on common law rights or judge made law. They also control the operation of case law without reference to parliament an obvious example is that the 1966 practice statement announcing that the HOL would no longer be bound by its own decisions, which made case law more flexible and thereby gave the judges more power, was made on the courts own authority, without needing permission from parliament.The HOL has explained its approach to judicial law-making (which is likely to be the same for the Supreme Court) in the case of C (a minor) v DPP 1995, which raised the issue of childrens liability for criminal offense. The common law disaffirmation of doli incapax provided that a D aged between 10 and 14 could be liable for a crime only if the prosecution could prove that the child knew that what he or she did was seriously wrong.On appeal from the magistrates court, the divisional court held that the defence was outdated and should no longer exist in law. An appeal was brought before the HOL present that the divisional court was bound by precedent and not able to change the law in this way. the HOL agreed and went on to consider whether it should change the law itself (as the 1966 practice statement clearly allowed it to do), but decided that this was not an appropriate case for judicial law making.

Learning theorists Essay

In virtually cases, the more students use construction to understand new material-the more they use what they already know to admirer them understand and interpret the material-the more effectively they go out store it in long-term-memory. Different people a good deal construct different meanings from the same stimuli, in part because they each bring their own unique experiences and association bases to the same situation.For example, when the Rocky passage on page 267 was used in an experiment with college students, physical nurture major frequently interpreted it as a wrestling match, but music education majors (most of whom had little or no noesis of wrestling) were more likely to think that it was about a prison break. Furthermore, people often interpret what they see and hear based on what they expect to see and hear. preliminary noesis and expectations be especially likely to influence learning when new information is ambiguous.As teachers, we entrust find our stud ents constructing their own idiosyncratic meanings and interpretations for virtually all aspects of the classroom curriculum. For example, as the Rocky exercise illustrates, the employment of reading is often quite constructive in nature Students combine the ideas that they read with their prior knowledge and then draw logical conclusions about what the text is trying to communicate. So, too, will we find constructive processes in subject areas like math, science, and social studies.When we want our students to interpret classroom subject matter in grouchy ways, we must be current to communicate clearly and unambiguously, so that there is little room for misinterpretation. retrieval isna always an all-or-nothing phenomenon. Sometimes we retrieve only certain parts of whatever information we are looking for in long-term memory. In such situations, we whitethorn construct our memory of an event by combining the tidbits we can retrieve with our general knowledge and assumptions abo ut the world.Were you able to retrieve the missing garner from your long-term memory? If not, then you may have found yourself making reasonable guesses, using both your knowledge of how the words are pronounced or your knowledge of how words in the English lyric poem are typically spelled. For example, perhaps you used the I before e except after c rule for word 4 if so, then you reconstructed the correct spelling of retrieval. Perhaps you used your knowledge that ance is a common word ending. Unfortunately, if you used this knowledge for word 2, then you spelled existence incorrectly.Neither pronunciation nor typical English spelling patterns would have helped you with hors doeuvre, a term borrowed from French. When people fill in the gaps in what theyve retrieved based on what seems logical, they often make mistakes-a form of forgetting called reconstruction error. Our own students sometimes will fall victim to reconstruction error, pulling together what they can recall in wa ys that we may hardly recognize. If important details are difficult to fill in logically, we must make sure our students learn them well enough that they can retrieve them directly from their long-term memories.

Ch 2 Solution

CHAPTER 2 Mechanics of Futures Markets Practice Questions hassle 2. 8. The political party with a rook position in a futures train some periods has options as to the precise plus that bequeath be delivered, where obstetrical delivery will invite place, when delivery will take place, and so on. Do these options increase or decrease the futures determine? pardon your reasoning. These options make the charter slight hypnotic to the party with the ample position and much attractive to the party with the short position. They at that placefore tend to reduce the futures cost. line of work 2. 9. What atomic number 18 the most important aspects of the contrive of a sweet futures contract?The most important aspects of the design of a new futures contract argon the specification of the underlying asset, the size of the contract, the delivery arrangements, and the delivery months. problem 2. 10. Explain how moldings protect investors against the possibility of default. A gross profit is a sum of m cardinaly deposited by an investor with his or her broker. It acts as a guarantee that the investor shtup cover any losses on the futures contract. The balance in the margin account is adjusted daily to reflect gains and losses on the futures contract. If losses are to a higher place a certain level, the investor is required to deposit a further margin.This system makes it unlikely that the investor will default. A similar system of margins makes it unlikely that the investors broker will default on the contract it has with the clearinghouse penis and unlikely that the clearinghouse fraction will default with the clearinghouse. Problem 2. 11. A backupr buys two July futures contracts on gelid orange succus. Each contract is for the delivery of 15,000 pounds. The current futures impairment is 160 cents per pound, the initial margin is $6,000 per contract, and the keep margin is $4,500 per contract. What price change would lead to a margin c every (prenominal)?Under what circumstances could $2,000 be withdrawn from the margin account? There is a margin call if more than $1,500 is lost on one contract. This happens if the futures price of frozen orange juice falls by more than 10 cents to on a lower floor 150 cents per lb. $2,000 can be withdrawn from the margin account if there is a gain on one contract of $1,000. This will happen if the futures price rises by 6. 67 cents to 166. 67 cents per lb. Problem 2. 12. give tongue to that, if the futures price of a commodity is great than the spot price during the delivery period, then there is an arbitrage opportunity.Does an arbitrage opportunity exist if the futures price is less than the spot price? Explain your answer. If the futures price is greater than the spot price during the delivery period, an arbitrageur buys the asset, shorts a futures contract, and makes delivery for an immediate profit. If the futures price is less than the spot price during the delivery period, the re is no similar perfect arbitrage strategy. An arbitrageur can take a long futures position but cannot force immediate delivery of the asset. The decision on when delivery will be do is made by the party with the short position.Nevertheless companies filled in acquiring the asset will find it attractive to enter into a long futures contract and forbear for delivery to be made. Problem 2. 13. Explain the difference between a market-if-touched order and a give notice order. A market-if-touched order is executed at the best available price afterwards a employment occurs at a specified price or at a price more indulgent than the specified price. A stop order is executed at the best available price after there is a iron or offer at the specified price or at a price less favorable than the specified price. Problem 2. 14. Explain what a stop-limit order to apportion at 20. 0 with a limit of 20. 10 means. A stop-limit order to trade in at 20. 30 with a limit of 20. 10 means that as soon as there is a bid at 20. 30 the contract should be sold providing this can be through at 20. 10 or a higher price. Problem 2. 15. At the end of one day a clearinghouse fraction is long 100 contracts, and the settlement price is $50,000 per contract. The original margin is $2,000 per contract. On the following day the member becomes responsible for clearing an additional 20 long contracts, entered into at a price of $51,000 per contract. The settlement price at the end of this day is $50,200.How much does the member wear to add to its margin account with the rallying clearinghouse? The clearinghouse member is required to provide 20 ? $2, 000 = $40, 000 as initial margin for the new contracts. There is a gain of (50,200 ? 50,000) ? 100 = $20,000 on the existing contracts. There is also a loss of (51, 000 ? 50, 200) ? 20 = $16, 000 on the new contracts. The member essential therefore add 40, 000 ? 20, 000 + 16, 000 = $36, 000 to the margin account. Problem 2. 16. On July 1, 2010, a Japanese play along enters into a forward contract to buy $1 million with yen on January 1, 2011.On kinsfolk 1, 2010, it enters into a forward contract to interchange $1 million on January 1, 2011. Describe the profit or loss the company will make in dollars as a function of the forward stand in rates on July 1, 2010 and September 1, 2010. Suppose F1 and F2 are the forward exchange rates for the contracts entered into July 1, 2010 and September 1, 2010, and S is the spot rate on January 1, 2011. (All exchange rates are measured as yen per dollar). The issue from the first-class honours degree contract is (S ? F1 ) million yen and the payoff from the second contract is (F2 ? S ) million yen.The center payoff is therefore ( S ? F1 ) + ( F2 ? S ) = ( F2 ? F1 ) million yen. Problem 2. 17. The forward price on the Swiss franc for delivery in 45 days is quoted as 1. 1000. The futures price for a contract that will be delivered in 45 days is 0. 9000. Explain these two quotes . Which is more favorable for an investor wanting to sell Swiss francs? The 1. 1000 forward quote is the number of Swiss francs per dollar. The 0. 9000 futures quote is the number of dollars per Swiss franc. When quoted in the same(p) way as the futures price the forward price is 1 / 1. 1000 = 0. 091 . The Swiss franc is therefore more valuable in the forward market than in the futures market. The forward market is therefore more attractive for an investor wanting to sell Swiss francs. Problem 2. 18. Suppose you call your broker and issue instructions to sell one July hogs contract. Describe what happens. Hog futures are traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. (See Table 2. 2). The broker will crave some initial margin. The order will be relayed by telephone to your brokers trading desk on the floor of the exchange (or to the trading desk of an early(a) broker).It will be sent by messenger to a commission broker who will execute the trade according to your instructions. Confirma tion of the trade eventually r severallyes you. If there are adverse movements in the futures price your broker may contact you to request additional margin. Problem 2. 19. Speculation in futures markets is pure gambling. It is not in the public interest to kick speculators to trade on a futures exchange. Discuss this viewpoint. Speculators are important market participants because they add liquidity to the market.However, contracts must be useful for hedging as well as speculation. This is because regulators generally only approve contracts when they are likely to be of interest to hedgers as well as speculators. Problem 2. 20. Identify the common chord commodities whose futures contracts in Table 2. 2 have the highest splay interest. Based on the contract months listed, the answer is gross inunct, corn, and scraping (world). Problem 2. 21. What do you think would happen if an exchange started trading a contract in which the whole tone of the underlying asset was incomplete ly specified?The contract would not be a success. Parties with short positions would find their contracts until delivery and then deliver the cheapest form of the asset. This might well be viewed by the party with the long position as garbage Once news of the quality problem became widely known no one would be prepared to buy the contract. This shows that futures contracts are feasible only when there are nonindulgent standards within an industry for delineate the quality of the asset. Many futures contracts have in practice failed because of the problem of defining quality.Problem 2. 22. When a futures contract is traded on the floor of the exchange, it may be the case that the vindicated interest increases by one, stays the same, or decreases by one. Explain this statement. If both sides of the performance are entering into a new contract, the open interest increases by one. If both sides of the transaction are closing out existing positions, the open interest decreases by o ne. If one party is entering into a new contract while the other party is closing out an existing position, the open interest stays the same. Problem 2. 23.Suppose that on October 24, 2010, you take a short position in an April 2011 live-cattle futures contract. You close out your position on January 21, 2011. The futures price (per pound) is 91. 20 cents when you enter into the contract, 88. 30 cents when you close out your position, and 88. 80 cents at the end of December 2010. One contract is for the delivery of 40,000 pounds of cattle. What is your total profit? How is it taxed if you are (a) a hedger and (b) a speculator? Assume that you have a December 31 twelvemonth end. The total profit is 40, 000 ? (0. 9120 ? 0. 8830) = $1,160 If you are a hedger this is all taxed in 2011.If you are a speculator 40, 000 ? (0. 9120 ? 0. 8880) = $960 is taxed in 2010 and 40, 000 ? (0. 8880 ? 0. 8830) = $200 is taxed in 2011. Further Questions Problem 2. 24 principal A enters into futures con tracts to buy 1 million euros for 1. 4 million dollars in three months. Trader B enters in a forward contract to do the same thing. The exchange (dollars per euro) declines sharply during the first two months and then increases for the third month to close at 1. 4300. Ignoring daily settlement, what is the total profit of separately trader? When the impact of daily settlement is taken into account, which trader does better?The total profit of each trader in dollars is 0. 03? 1,000,000 = 30,000. Trader Bs profit is realized at the end of the three months. Trader As profit is realized day-by-day during the three months. Substantial losses are made during the first two months and profits are made during the final month. It is likely that Trader B has done better because Trader A had to finance its losses during the first two months. Problem 2. 25 Explain what is meant by open interest. Why does the open interest usually decline during the month preceding the delivery month?On a ill-t empered day there are 2,000 trades in a special(a) futures contract. Of the 2,000 traders on the long side of the market, 1,400 were closing out position and 600 were entering into new positions. Of the 2,000 traders on the short side of the market, 1,200 were closing out position and 800 were entering into new positions. What is the impact of the days trading on open interest? Open interest is the number of contract outstanding. Many traders close out their positions just onward the delivery month is reached. This is why the open interest declines during the month preceding the delivery month.The open interest went down by 600. We can see this in two ways. First, 1,400 shorts closed out and there were 800 new shorts. Second, 1,200 longs closed out and there were 600 new longs. Problem 2. 26 One orange juice future contract is on 15,000 pounds of frozen concentrate. Suppose that in September 2009 a company sells a March 2011 orange juice futures contract for 120 cents per pound. I n December 2009 the futures price is 140 cents. In December 2010 the futures price is 110 cents. In February 2011 the futures price is 125 cents. The company has a December year end.What is the companys profit or loss on the contract? How is it realized? What is the accounting and tax treatment of the transaction is the company is classified as a) a hedger and b) a speculator? The price goes up during the term the company holds the contract from 120 to 125 cents per pound. Overall the company therefore takes a loss of 15,000? 0. 05 = $750. If the company is classified as a hedger this loss is realized in 2011, If it is classified as a speculator it realizes a loss of 15,000? 0. 20 = $3000 in 2009, a gain of 15,000? 0. 30 = $4,500 in 2010 and a loss of 15,000? 0. 5 = $2,250 in 2011. Problem 2. 27. A company enters into a short futures contract to sell 5,000 bushels of wheat for 250 cents per bushel. The initial margin is $3,000 and the concern margin is $2,000. What price change wo uld lead to a margin call? Under what circumstances could $1,500 be withdrawn from the margin account? There is a margin call if $1000 is lost on the contract. This will happen if the price of wheat futures rises by 20 cents from 250 cents to 270 cents per bushel. $1500 can be withdrawn if the futures price falls by 30 cents to 220 cents per bushel. Problem 2. 28.Suppose that there are no storage costs for crude oil and the interest rate for borrowing or lending is 5% per annum. How could you make money on August 4, 2009 by trading December 2009 and June 2010 contracts on crude oil? Use Table 2. 2. The December 2009 settlement price for oil is $75. 62 per barrel. The June 2010 settlement price for oil is $79. 41 per barrel. You could go long one December 2009 oil contract and short one June 2010 contract. In December 2009 you take delivery of the oil borrowing $75. 62 per barrel at 5% to meet cash outflows. The interest accumulated in six months is about 75. 2? 0. 05? 0. 5 or $1. 8 9. In December the oil is sold for $79. 41 per barrel which is more than the amount that has to be repaid on the loan. The strategy therefore leads to a profit. Note that this profit is independent of the actual price of oil in June 2010 or December 2009. It will be slightly affected by the daily settlement procedures. Problem 2. 29. What position is equivalent to a long forward contract to buy an asset at K on a certain date and a put option to sell it for K on that date? The equivalent position is a long position in a call with necessitate price K . Problem 2. 30. Excel file) The authors Web page (www. rotman. utoronto. ca/hull/data) contains daily closing prices for the December 2001 crude oil futures contract and the December 2001 gold futures contract. (Both contracts are traded on NYMEX. ) You are required to download the data and answer the following a) How high do the aliment margin levels for oil and gold have to be set so that there is a 1% determine that an investor wi th a balance slightly above the maintenance margin level on a particular day has a disconfirming balance two days later (i. e. one day after a margin call). How high do they have to be for a 0. 1% chance.Assume daily price changes are normally distributed with mean zero. b) Imagine an investor who starts with a long position in the oil contract at the beginning of the period covered by the data and keeps the contract for the whole of the period of time covered by the data. Margin balances in excess of the initial margin are withdrawn. Use the maintenance margin you calculated in part (a) for a 1% riskiness level and assume that the maintenance margin is 75% of the initial margin. Calculate the number of margin calls and the number of measure the investor has a negative margin balance and therefore an incentive to walk away.Assume that all margin calls are met in your calculations. arrogate the calculations for an investor who starts with a short position in the gold contract. Th e data for this problem in the 7th edition is different from that in the 6th edition. a) For gold the standard deviation of daily changes is $15. 184 per ounce or $1518. 4 per contract. For a 1% risk this means that the maintenance margin should be set at 1518 . 4 ? 2 ? 2. 3263 or 4996 when rounded. For a 0. 1% risk the maintenance margin should be set at 1518 . 4 ? 2 ? 3. 0902 or 6636 when rounded. For crude oil the standard deviation of daily changes is $1. 777 per barrel or $1577. 7 per contract. For a 1% risk, this means that the maintenance margin should be set at 1577 . 7 ? 2 ? 2. 3263 or 5191 when rounded. For a 0. 1% chance the maintenance margin should be set at 1577 . 7 ? 2 ? 3. 0902 or 6895 when rounded. NYMEX might be interested in these calculations because they indicate the chance of a trader who is just above the maintenance margin level at the beginning of the period having a negative margin level before funds have to be submitted to the broker. b) For a 1% risk the initial margin is set at 6,921 for on crude oil. This is the maintenance margin of 5,191 divided by 0. 75. ) As the spreadsheet shows, for a long investor in oil there are 157 margin calls and 9 times (out of 1039 days) where the investor is tempted to walk away. For a 1% risk the initial margin is set at 6,661 for gold. (This is 4,996 divided by 0. 75. ) As the spreadsheet shows, for a short investor in gold there are 81 margin calls and 4 times (out of 459 days) when the investor is tempted to walk away. When the 0. 1% risk level is used there is 1 time when the oil investor might walk away and 2 times when the gold investor might do so.

WHap essay

First Civilizations began to dissolve, the Second-Wave Empires began to rise and take their place. While the correspondentities and continuities between the First Civilizations and the Second-Wave Empires atomic number 18 evident, the differences are also very clear. With the fall of the First Civilizations came a second wave of strikingly similar societies when viewed from a remote. They were still ruled by monarchs and continued to include classes, caste, and discrimination Elites were still on top with everyone else far below.The Elites continued to sit ski binding and bathe In the riches while exploiting the peasant farmers and slaves. This made for no Innovation or effort due to lack of motivation. During the time of the Second-Wave Empires there were no technological or Industrial advancements from the firstly collocations. They were still based on agricultural societies with little to no other areas of Income. With just now a glance the similarities are noticeable, howeve r when you take a closer purport the differences are striking. hen you start to really dig deep you discover several differences. In the Second-Wave population grew at a much more rapid pace due to the age of agrarian civilizations. The empires also were much larger. These empires and states include the Roman, Persian, Indian, and the Chinese empires. With the larger empires came more diversity however, with more diversity came more tension resulting in the emergent and falling of many of these great empires. With the Second-Wave also came more religion and culture.Confucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Greek rationalism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all examples of the move up religions they all have provided the structure for the way people live today. Although first civilizations had classes, caste, and slaves, the Second wave amplified the single-valued function of classes and slaves. But the largest change between he First-Civilizations and The Second-Wave Empires was r ising of a far more intricate converse network allowing for communication between states and empires.Through these two eras there were many changes, fluctuations, and lots of repeating cycles, although they did not correspond any fundamental or revolutionary transformations. The major turning points had already occurred at the beginning of the first era with the agricultural revolution. Overall, through all the similarities and differences between the First-Civilization and the Second-Wave the world changed in drastic ways. The only inquiry is was it for the better or worse? WHap essay By matched with everyone else far below.The Elites continued to sit back and bathe in the riches while exploiting the peasant farmers and slaves. This made for no innovation or were no technological or industrial advancements from the first civilizations. They were still based on agricultural societies with little to no other areas of income. With just a glance the similarities are noticeable, howe ver when you take a closer look the When you start to really dig deep you the First-civilizations.

Canadian history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Canadian history - Essay ExampleCanadian economy in general flourished during the plosive consonant in question and even later on because it established and responded positively to external opportunities and pressures on the domestic front it improved inland transportation, allowed immigration developed an gloriole for enterprise and imported technology from Europe leading to a steady growth of an economic infrastructure. whizz may argue that comp bed to Europe, the Canadian economic structure had peculiar characteristics compar fitted only with Australia. Canada has a littler population living in an area which is endowed by the nature with plenty of raw actual in high demand in Europe. Since there was no government emphasis on and efforts to underdeveloped the manufacturing sector, the Canadian entrepreneurs could focus on staples trade to Europe and America.After the Confederation was announced in 1970, Canada demonstrate itself in the throes of breaking away from British p olitical influence yet having to depend on it for the bargain of its staples and import of manufactured goods. It had to set its own policies as a quasi-independent country even when it cannot shrug sour the mainly European heritage. This was also a period when Europe itself was passing through the epochal period of industrialization and attendant socio-political change. The cultural difference between the people who ran Canada (such as British and French) and the changing geographical aspects impeded a uniform growth in economy. For instance, if the growth was propelled in some regions by the trade of staples to Europe, in other regions domestic progress fueled the economic growth. Also, the progress at the national take aim varied from one period to the other. One aspect of Canadas economic growth is also stated to be a combination of dependent and independent progress working in coordination yet historians have been able to distinguish periods when economic growth was depend ent and when it was independent.Therefore, studies of Canadas economic history revolve around H. A. Innis who proposed the development of staples export dependent on Europe and john Rae who was in privilege of an independent model of growth. There are many versions of the staple theory proposed by Innis during the nineteenth century and of course many off-shoots of the independent John Raes economic theory including the Nationalist School in the nineteenth century. But according to Neill, the political fractionation and geographical expansion that constituted Confederation eventually tipped the balance, for Canada as a whole, in favour of growth dependent on primary product exportshowever, between 1866 and 1896, the central Canadian economy grew at a steady pace, unaided by any significant expansion of staple exports. (Neill, 1991)At a time when Canada enjoyed good relations with Europe especially in terms of trade, it was faced with a flagellum from the United States which view ed Canada as a weak British colony. Table 1 TRADE OF CANADA WITH VARIOUS COUNTRIES DURING 1886-1955 category Total($ millions) U.S.U.K.1886 96.0 44.6